EMERGENCY CARE
These summaries explain what a medical emergency can look or feel like, why it matters, and when 999 may be the right call. Acting quickly can make a real difference.
Burns and scalds
What it is and how it may present
Burns and scalds occur when the skin is damaged by heat, hot liquids or steam, electricity, chemicals, or radiation. The injury may cause redness, blistering, swelling, or areas of skin that appear pale, charred, or leathery. Pain can range from severe to unexpectedly mild, depending on the depth and extent of the burn.
In more serious cases, burns may cover large areas of the body or affect sensitive regions such as the face, hands, feet, genitals, or joints. Some people may also feel faint, nauseous, or unwell, particularly if the injury is extensive.
Why this is a medical emergency
Severe burns can damage multiple layers of skin and underlying tissue, increasing the risk of infection, fluid loss, and shock. Burns involving the airway, face, or chest can interfere with breathing, and chemical or electrical burns may cause internal damage that is not immediately visible. Prompt assessment is important to limit complications and support recovery.
Why emergency services may be appropriate
Emergency services may be appropriate for large, deep, or severe burns, or when burns affect critical areas of the body. Rapid medical assessment allows for pain management, wound care, and monitoring for complications. Early treatment can significantly improve healing and reduce long-term harm.